Structural Biology is a branch of science that focuses on understanding the molecular structure of biological macromolecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids. By studying these structures, researchers can gain insights into how these molecules function and interact within living organisms. Techniques like X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy, and cryogenic electron microscopy are commonly used to visualize these complex structures. This field plays a crucial role in various applications, including drug design and development. By knowing the precise structure of a target molecule, scientists can create more effective medications that specifically interact with that target, improving treatment outcomes for diseases like cancer and infectious diseases.