Streptococcal infections are caused by bacteria known as Streptococcus. These bacteria can lead to various illnesses, ranging from mild conditions like strep throat to more severe diseases such as scarlet fever and rheumatic fever. They are typically spread through respiratory droplets or direct contact with infected wounds. Symptoms of streptococcal infections may include sore throat, fever, and swollen lymph nodes. Diagnosis is usually made through a throat swab or blood test. Treatment often involves antibiotics, which can help reduce symptoms and prevent complications if started early.