Stratified sampling is a statistical method used to ensure that different subgroups within a population are adequately represented in a sample. In this approach, the population is divided into distinct categories, or strata, based on specific characteristics such as age, gender, or income level. Researchers then randomly select samples from each stratum, which helps to capture the diversity of the entire population. This technique is particularly useful when certain subgroups are small but important for the study. By using stratified sampling, researchers can improve the accuracy and reliability of their results, making it easier to draw meaningful conclusions about the entire population.