Stephen III of Bavaria was a notable historical figure who reigned as Duke of Bavaria from 1180 until his death in 1204. He was a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty and played a significant role in the political landscape of medieval Germany. His reign was marked by efforts to consolidate power and expand his territory. Stephen III is best known for his conflicts with the Holy Roman Empire, particularly with Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa. He was instrumental in the establishment of the Bavarian duchy as a significant political entity, and his leadership helped shape the region's future during a tumultuous period in European history.