Spheroids are three-dimensional shapes that resemble a sphere but are slightly elongated or flattened. They can be classified into two main types: prolate spheroids, which are elongated along one axis, and oblate spheroids, which are flattened at the poles. Common examples of spheroids include Earth, which is an oblate spheroid due to its rotation, and football, which is a prolate spheroid. In mathematics, spheroids are studied in geometry and can be described using equations that define their surface. They are important in various fields, including astronomy, where celestial bodies are often approximated as spheroids, and engineering, where they are used in the design of certain structures and components.