Spermatozoa, commonly known as sperm cells, are the male reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms. They are produced in the male reproductive system, specifically in the testes, through a process called spermatogenesis. Each spermatozoon is typically composed of a head, midpiece, and tail, which help it swim towards the female egg for fertilization. The head of the sperm contains genetic material, while the midpiece is packed with energy-producing mitochondria. The tail, or flagellum, propels the sperm through the female reproductive tract. Successful fertilization occurs when a spermatozoon penetrates an ovum, leading to the formation of a zygote.