Specificity refers to the ability of a test or measurement to correctly identify those without a particular condition. In medical testing, for example, a test with high specificity will produce few false positives, meaning it accurately identifies healthy individuals as not having the disease. This is crucial for ensuring that people are not misdiagnosed and can avoid unnecessary anxiety or treatment. In research and data analysis, specificity can also describe how precisely a concept or variable is defined. A specific definition helps to clarify the focus of a study, making it easier to draw accurate conclusions. This is important in fields like psychology or biology, where precise measurements can significantly impact results.