Spatial navigation is the ability to understand and remember the layout of an environment. It involves using various cues, such as landmarks and distances, to find one's way from one location to another. This skill is essential for daily activities, like walking through a city or navigating a building. Humans and many animals, including rats and birds, rely on spatial navigation to explore their surroundings. The brain regions involved in this process include the hippocampus, which helps create mental maps, and the entorhinal cortex, which provides spatial information. These systems work together to enable effective movement and orientation in space.