Spacecraft docking is the process where two spacecraft connect in space, allowing them to transfer crew, supplies, or equipment. This operation is crucial for missions involving the International Space Station (ISS) or for spacecraft that need to refuel or exchange cargo. Docking systems use a combination of sensors, latches, and guidance technology to ensure a safe and precise connection. During docking, one spacecraft approaches the other at a controlled speed. Once close enough, automated systems or astronauts manually guide the spacecraft to align and connect. Successful docking enables collaboration in space exploration and supports long-duration missions aboard the ISS.