The term "Soviet Republics" refers to the various republics that were part of the former Soviet Union, officially known as the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). Established after the Russian Revolution in 1917, the USSR was a federation of multiple republics, each with its own government but under the control of the central Soviet authority. These republics included Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania, and others, each contributing to the diverse cultural and ethnic landscape of the union. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, these republics became independent countries. The breakup marked the end of communist rule in the region and led to significant political, economic, and social changes. Many of the former Soviet Republics, such as Estonia and Georgia, have since pursued closer ties with Western Europe and NATO, while others, like Belarus, have maintained closer relations with {Russia