Soviet Industrialization refers to the rapid economic transformation of the Soviet Union during the late 1920s and 1930s. Spearheaded by Joseph Stalin, this initiative aimed to shift the economy from agriculture to heavy industry. The government implemented a series of Five-Year Plans, focusing on increasing production in sectors like steel, coal, and machinery. This industrialization process involved significant state control and investment in infrastructure, including factories and transportation networks. While it led to impressive industrial growth, it also resulted in harsh working conditions, forced labor, and widespread famine, particularly during the Great Famine of 1932-1933.