The Southern Blot is a laboratory technique used to detect specific DNA sequences in a sample. It involves transferring DNA fragments from a gel onto a membrane, where they can be probed with labeled DNA or RNA sequences. This allows researchers to identify the presence and size of specific genes or genetic variations. Developed by Edwin Southern in 1975, the Southern Blot is widely used in molecular biology for applications such as gene mapping, diagnosis of genetic disorders, and forensic analysis. The method is named after its inventor and has become a fundamental tool in genetic research.