The South Wales Railway was a key railway line in the United Kingdom, established in the mid-19th century. It connected the industrial regions of South Wales, particularly the coal mining areas, to major ports like Cardiff and Swansea. This railway played a crucial role in transporting coal and other goods, significantly contributing to the economic development of the region. Opened in 1850, the South Wales Railway was later absorbed into the Great Western Railway network. Its construction facilitated easier access to markets and helped stimulate the growth of towns along the route. Today, parts of the original line are still in use, serving both passenger and freight services.