The South African government operates as a constitutional democracy, established after the end of apartheid in 1994. It consists of three branches: the executive, legislative, and judicial. The President serves as both the head of state and government, while the Parliament is responsible for making laws. The government is based on a system of proportional representation, allowing for multiple political parties to participate. The Constitution of South Africa is the supreme law, ensuring the protection of human rights and promoting equality among all citizens. Local governments also play a crucial role in managing community services and development.