South African Railways (SAR) is the state-owned railway company in South Africa, responsible for freight and passenger transport across the country. Established in the late 19th century, it plays a crucial role in connecting major cities and regions, facilitating trade and travel. The network includes both long-distance and commuter services, catering to millions of passengers annually. SAR operates a diverse range of trains, including Shosholoza Meyl for long-distance travel and Metrorail for urban commuting. The railway system is vital for economic development, providing an efficient and cost-effective means of transportation for goods and people throughout the nation.