The South African Liberation Movement refers to a series of efforts aimed at ending apartheid, a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa. Key organizations, such as the African National Congress (ANC) and the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC), played significant roles in advocating for equal rights and social justice for the oppressed black majority. The movement gained international attention in the 20th century, especially during the 1980s, as activists like Nelson Mandela became symbols of resistance. The struggle culminated in the dismantling of apartheid in the early 1990s, leading to the first multiracial elections in 1994, which marked a significant turning point in South African history.