Sorbitan esters are a group of compounds formed by the esterification of sorbitol, a sugar alcohol, with fatty acids. These compounds are often used as emulsifiers, helping to mix oil and water in various products, including food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Their ability to stabilize mixtures makes them valuable in many formulations. In addition to their emulsifying properties, sorbitan esters can also act as surfactants and thickening agents. They are generally considered safe for use in food and personal care products, and their effectiveness can vary based on the specific fatty acids used in their production.