Sonar equipment, short for Sound Navigation and Ranging, is a technology used to detect and locate objects underwater. It works by emitting sound waves and measuring the time it takes for the echoes to return after bouncing off an object. This information helps in mapping the seafloor, locating underwater hazards, and identifying marine life. There are two main types of sonar: active sonar, which sends out sound waves, and passive sonar, which listens for sounds made by objects. Sonar is widely used in various fields, including marine biology, naval operations, and fishing, making it an essential tool for underwater exploration.