Somatotypes are a classification system that categorizes human body types into three main categories: ectomorph, mesomorph, and endomorph. Developed by psychologist William Sheldon in the 1940s, this system is based on physical characteristics such as body composition, muscle mass, and fat distribution. Ectomorphs are typically slender and lean, mesomorphs are muscular and athletic, while endomorphs tend to have a rounder physique with more body fat. Each somatotype can influence an individual's physical abilities and fitness potential. For example, ectomorphs may excel in endurance sports, while mesomorphs often perform well in strength training. Understanding these body types can help individuals tailor their exercise and nutrition plans to achieve their fitness goals more effectively.