A solstice is an astronomical event that occurs twice a year, marking the longest and shortest days of the year. During the summer solstice, usually around June 21, the sun reaches its highest point in the sky, resulting in the longest day. Conversely, the winter solstice, around December 21, is when the sun is at its lowest point, leading to the shortest day. These events are significant in many cultures, often celebrated with festivals and rituals. The word "solstice" comes from the Latin words "sol" (sun) and "sistere" (to stand still), reflecting how the sun appears to pause in its path. Many ancient civilizations, such as the Maya and Stonehenge builders, built structures to align with the solstices