Societal collapse refers to the sudden breakdown of a complex society, often characterized by the loss of social, economic, and political structures. This can occur due to various factors, including environmental disasters, resource depletion, economic instability, or social unrest. When these systems fail, communities may struggle to maintain order, leading to widespread chaos and a decline in living standards. Throughout history, several civilizations, such as the Roman Empire and the Maya, have experienced societal collapse. These events often result in significant population decline, migration, and a return to simpler forms of social organization. Understanding the causes and consequences of societal collapse can help modern societies address potential vulnerabilities.