Social Darwinism is a social theory that emerged in the late 19th century, which applies the concept of natural selection from Charles Darwin's theory of evolution to human societies. Proponents believed that certain groups or races were naturally superior to others, leading to the idea that social progress occurs through the survival of the fittest. This perspective often justified inequalities and discrimination. Critics of Social Darwinism argue that it misinterprets Darwin's ideas and promotes harmful ideologies. The theory has been associated with various social policies, including eugenics and imperialism, which sought to improve human populations by controlling reproduction and promoting certain traits over others.