Eugenics is a social and scientific movement that emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, aiming to improve the genetic quality of the human population. It often involved promoting reproduction among people with desirable traits while discouraging or preventing reproduction among those deemed undesirable. This concept was influenced by the ideas of Charles Darwin and the theory of evolution. The movement gained popularity in various countries, leading to policies such as forced sterilizations and marriage restrictions. However, eugenics has been widely discredited due to its unethical practices and association with human rights abuses, particularly during the Nazi regime in Germany.