Sir James Forbes was a Scottish physicist and geologist, born in 1809. He is best known for his work in the field of thermodynamics and for his studies on the properties of heat. Forbes made significant contributions to the understanding of heat transfer and was a pioneer in the use of the thermometer for scientific research. In addition to his work in physics, Forbes was also an accomplished mountaineer and played a key role in the early exploration of the Scottish Highlands. He was a founding member of the Alpine Club, which promoted mountaineering and exploration in the Alps. Forbes passed away in 1868, leaving a lasting legacy in both science and outdoor exploration.