Sir George Cayley was an English engineer and inventor, often referred to as the "father of aviation." Born in 1773, he made significant contributions to the understanding of flight, including the principles of lift and drag. Cayley designed the first successful manned glider and established the concept of the fixed-wing aircraft, laying the groundwork for future aviation pioneers. Cayley's work influenced many notable figures in aviation, including Orville and Wilbur Wright. He created detailed drawings and models of flying machines, emphasizing the importance of aerodynamics. His research and inventions were crucial in advancing the field of aeronautics during the 19th century.