The Single Transferable Vote (STV) is an electoral system used for electing representatives in multi-member constituencies. Voters rank candidates in order of preference, allowing for a more proportional representation of diverse political views. When votes are counted, candidates who reach a specified quota are elected, and any surplus votes are transferred to other candidates based on voters' preferences. This system helps ensure that votes are not wasted, as even if a voter's top choice does not win, their vote can still contribute to electing their next preferred candidate. STV is commonly used in various countries, including Ireland and Australia, for local and national elections.