Sigma baryons are a type of subatomic particle classified as baryons, which are made up of three quarks. They belong to the family of particles known as hyperons, which contain at least one strange quark. Sigma baryons come in three varieties: Σ⁺, Σ⁰, and Σ⁻, differing in their electric charge. These particles are produced in high-energy collisions, such as those occurring in particle accelerators or cosmic ray interactions. Sigma baryons are unstable and decay into other particles, often involving pions and nucleons. Their study helps physicists understand the strong force that binds quarks together.