The Sicilian Normans were a group of medieval rulers from the Normandy region of France who conquered and settled in Sicily during the 11th century. They established a powerful kingdom that blended various cultures, including Arab, Byzantine, and Italian influences. This unique mix contributed to advancements in architecture, art, and governance. Under leaders like Roger II, the Sicilian Normans created a prosperous and diverse society. They promoted religious tolerance and encouraged trade, making Palermo a significant cultural and economic center in the Mediterranean. Their reign marked a pivotal period in Sicilian history, influencing the island's future development.