Sharks reproduce in several ways, primarily through three methods: oviparity, viviparity, and ovoviviparity. In oviparous species, such as the horn shark, females lay eggs that develop outside their bodies. In contrast, viviparous sharks, like the great white shark, give birth to live young after a gestation period. Ovoviviparous sharks, such as the tiger shark, retain eggs inside their bodies until they hatch, giving birth to live pups. Shark reproduction often involves courtship behaviors, where males may bite or nudge females to initiate mating. After mating, females can store sperm for several months, allowing them to fertilize eggs at a later time. The number of pups born varies widely among species, with some giving birth to just a few, while others can have over a hundred.