The Sforza dynasty was a prominent ruling family in northern Italy during the Renaissance, particularly known for their control of the Duchy of Milan. The dynasty began with Francesco Sforza, a condottiero who became Duke of Milan in 1450 after marrying Bianca Maria Visconti, the daughter of the last Visconti duke. The Sforzas were influential in politics, art, and culture, supporting renowned artists like Leonardo da Vinci and Bramante. The dynasty lasted until the late 16th century, marked by a series of rulers, including Ludovico Sforza, who was known for his patronage of the arts and military ambitions. The Sforza family faced challenges, including conflicts with rival families and foreign powers, ultimately leading to their decline and the eventual incorporation of Milan into the Spanish Empire.