Sex testing refers to the practice of determining an individual's biological sex, often through medical examinations or genetic testing. This process can involve analyzing chromosomes, hormones, or physical characteristics to identify whether a person is male or female. It is commonly used in various fields, including medicine, sports, and research. In the context of sports, sex testing has been a controversial topic, particularly regarding athletes like Caster Semenya. Some organizations implement sex testing to ensure fair competition, but it raises ethical questions about privacy, discrimination, and the definition of gender. The debate continues as society grapples with evolving understandings of sex and gender identity.