The Second Battle of Panipat took place on January 14, 1761, between the forces of the Maratha Empire and the Durrani Empire, led by Ahmad Shah Durrani. This battle was one of the largest and bloodiest fought in the 18th century, marking a significant conflict in Indian history. The Marathas aimed to expand their influence in northern India, while Ahmad Shah sought to reclaim territories lost to them. The battle resulted in a decisive victory for Ahmad Shah Durrani, leading to heavy casualties for the Marathas, estimated at over 70,000 soldiers. This defeat weakened the Maratha Empire significantly and altered the power dynamics in India, paving the way for future conflicts and the eventual rise of British colonial power.