The Second Anglo-Zulu War took place in 1879 between the British Empire and the Zulu Kingdom. It was primarily triggered by British expansionist policies and disputes over land. The war began with a surprise attack by the Zulus at the Battle of Isandlwana, where they achieved a significant victory against British forces. However, the tide turned as the British regrouped and launched a series of campaigns. Key battles included the Battle of Rorke's Drift, where a small British garrison successfully defended against a much larger Zulu force. Ultimately, the war ended with the defeat of the Zulu Kingdom and the annexation of its territory by the British.