Sculpting techniques refer to the various methods used to create three-dimensional art from materials like clay, stone, or metal. Common techniques include carving, where material is removed to shape the sculpture, and modeling, which involves adding material to build up forms. Other methods include casting, where a liquid material is poured into a mold, and assemblage, which combines different objects to create a sculpture. Each technique has its own tools and processes. For instance, chisels and hammers are often used in carving, while clay and tools like rakes and wire are essential for modeling. Understanding these techniques allows artists to express their creativity in diverse ways.