Scientific discoveries are breakthroughs that enhance our understanding of the natural world. These findings can range from the discovery of new elements, like oxygen, to the development of theories, such as Einstein's theory of relativity. Each discovery builds on previous knowledge, often leading to new technologies and advancements in various fields. Throughout history, many scientists have made significant contributions. For example, Marie Curie's research on radioactivity paved the way for advancements in medical treatments. Similarly, the discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming revolutionized medicine by introducing antibiotics, saving countless lives and changing healthcare practices worldwide.