Scale inhibitors are chemical substances used to prevent the formation of scale, which is a buildup of minerals on surfaces in contact with water. These inhibitors work by interfering with the crystallization process of minerals like calcium and magnesium, which can lead to blockages in pipes and equipment. They are commonly used in industries such as oil and gas, water treatment, and cooling systems. By maintaining the flow of water and reducing maintenance costs, scale inhibitors help improve the efficiency and longevity of machinery. They can be applied in various forms, including liquids and powders, and are often tailored to specific water conditions and industrial needs.