The Sassanian era, also known as the Sassanid Empire, lasted from 224 to 651 CE and was the last pre-Islamic Persian empire. It was founded by Ardashir I after defeating the Parthian Empire. The Sassanian Empire is known for its achievements in art, architecture, and science, as well as its promotion of Zoroastrianism as the state religion. During this period, the Sassanian Empire expanded its territory, reaching parts of the Middle East, Central Asia, and India. The empire was characterized by a strong centralized government and a rich cultural life, which included advancements in literature, philosophy, and trade. The Sassanian era ended with the Muslim conquest in the 7th century.