Sand casting is a metal casting process that involves creating a mold from a mixture of sand and a binding agent. The process begins by forming a pattern, usually made of metal or plastic, which is pressed into the sand to create a cavity. Once the pattern is removed, molten metal is poured into the mold to take its shape. After the metal cools and solidifies, the sand mold is broken away to reveal the finished part. This method is widely used for producing complex shapes and is suitable for various metals, making it a popular choice in industries like automotive and aerospace.