The Salisbury and Yeovil Railway was a railway line in southern England that connected the towns of Salisbury and Yeovil. Opened in 1859, it played a significant role in improving transportation and trade in the region. The line was part of a broader network that facilitated travel and commerce between various towns in Dorset and Wiltshire. The railway was initially operated by the Salisbury and Yeovil Railway Company and later became part of the Southern Railway in 1923. Although passenger services were eventually discontinued, the line remained important for freight transport until its closure in the late 20th century.