The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale is a system used to categorize hurricanes based on their sustained wind speeds. It ranges from Category 1, with winds of 74-95 mph, to Category 5, with winds exceeding 157 mph. Each category indicates the potential damage a hurricane can cause, helping communities prepare for severe weather. This scale is crucial for emergency management and public safety. By understanding the category of an approaching hurricane, residents can take appropriate precautions, such as evacuating or securing their homes. The scale also aids meteorologists in communicating the storm's intensity and potential impact.