The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale is a system used to categorize hurricanes based on their sustained wind speeds. It ranges from Category 1, with winds of 74-95 mph, to Category 5, with winds exceeding 157 mph. This scale helps to assess the potential damage a hurricane can cause to buildings, vegetation, and infrastructure. Developed by engineer Herbert Saffir and meteorologist Robert Simpson in the early 1970s, the scale is widely used by meteorologists and emergency management officials. It provides a clear framework for understanding the intensity of a hurricane and aids in public safety preparations during storm events.