The Safavid period (1501-1736) was a significant era in Iranian history, marked by the establishment of the Safavid dynasty. This dynasty is known for promoting Shia Islam as the state religion, which helped shape the cultural and religious identity of modern Iran. The Safavids also fostered a flourishing of art, architecture, and literature, leading to the construction of iconic structures like the Shah Mosque in Isfahan. During this time, the Safavid Empire expanded its territory, reaching its peak under rulers like Shah Abbas I. The period was characterized by a blend of Persian, Turkish, and Arab influences, contributing to a rich cultural tapestry. The Safavid period laid the groundwork for the future political and social landscape of Iran.