Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms, or SNPs, are variations in a single nucleotide that occur at specific positions in the genome. These small changes can affect how genes function and contribute to individual differences in traits, such as susceptibility to diseases or responses to medications. SNPs are the most common type of genetic variation among people. They can be found in both coding regions, which affect protein production, and non-coding regions, which may influence gene regulation. Researchers study SNPs to understand genetic diversity and to identify potential targets for personalized medicine.