The SIR Model is a mathematical framework used to understand the spread of infectious diseases. It divides a population into three categories: Susceptible, Infected, and Recovered. Individuals start as susceptible, can become infected through contact with an infected person, and eventually recover, gaining immunity. This model helps predict how diseases spread over time and can inform public health strategies. By analyzing the rates of infection and recovery, health officials can estimate the potential impact of an outbreak and develop effective interventions to control it.