The SARS-CoV-2 virus is a novel coronavirus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. It primarily spreads through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. The virus can also survive on surfaces for a limited time, making it possible to contract it by touching contaminated objects and then touching the face. Once inside the body, SARS-CoV-2 targets cells in the respiratory system, leading to symptoms such as fever, cough, and difficulty breathing. In severe cases, it can cause pneumonia and other complications, particularly in vulnerable populations like the elderly and those with underlying health conditions.