SARS-CoV-2 is a virus that causes the disease known as COVID-19. It belongs to a family of viruses called coronaviruses, which can infect both animals and humans. This virus spreads mainly through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. Understanding how SARS-CoV-2 spreads is crucial for controlling outbreaks and protecting public health. To combat the spread of SARS-CoV-2, scientists and healthcare professionals have developed vaccines that help the body recognize and fight the virus. Vaccination, along with wearing masks and practicing good hygiene, are essential tools in reducing transmission and keeping communities safe from COVID-19.