S6 Kinase, also known as p70S6K, is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in cell growth and metabolism. It is part of the mTOR signaling pathway, which regulates various cellular processes in response to nutrients and growth factors. S6 Kinase is primarily involved in protein synthesis and cell proliferation. Activation of S6 Kinase leads to the phosphorylation of the ribosomal protein S6, enhancing the translation of specific mRNAs. This process is essential for the growth and development of cells, making S6 Kinase a significant factor in understanding diseases like cancer and metabolic disorders.