S-cones, or short-wavelength cones, are a type of photoreceptor cell found in the retina of the eye. They are responsible for detecting blue light, which has a shorter wavelength compared to other colors. S-cones play a crucial role in color vision, helping us perceive a range of colors by working alongside other types of cones, namely M-cones and L-cones. These cones are less numerous than their counterparts, making up about 5-10% of the total cone population in the human retina. S-cones are concentrated in the peripheral regions of the retina, contributing to our ability to see in low-light conditions and enhancing our overall visual experience, especially in distinguishing colors.