The Royal Observatory of Madrid, established in 1760, is one of the oldest astronomical observatories in Spain. Located in the city of Madrid, it was founded to improve navigation and timekeeping. The observatory played a significant role in the development of astronomy and time measurement in the country. The observatory features a historic building and houses various scientific instruments, including telescopes and clocks. It is also known for its contributions to the study of celestial bodies and the establishment of the Madrid meridian, which was crucial for mapping and navigation in the 18th century.