Roof styles refer to the various designs and shapes that roofs can take, influencing both aesthetics and functionality. Common styles include gable, hip, flat, and shed roofs. Each style has unique characteristics; for example, gable roofs have two sloping sides, while hip roofs slope on all four sides, providing better stability in windy areas. The choice of roof style can affect a building's overall appearance and energy efficiency. Flat roofs are often used in modern architecture and can provide additional outdoor space, while gable roofs are popular in traditional homes for their classic look and effective water drainage.